70+ Azure Interview Questions and Answers to Prepare in 2024

Want to ace your next Azure engineer interview? Here are the most popularly asked Azure interview questions with the best possible responses.

70+ Azure Interview Questions and Answers to Prepare in 2024
 |  BY Daivi

This blog covers the top 50 most frequently asked Azure interview questions and answers. It will provide you with a good sense of what areas you should focus on as you prepare for your next Azure interview. So, let's dive right into it!


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Why Must You Prepare For Azure Interview Questions?

With AWS being the first, Microsoft Azure, Microsoft's cloud computing service, ranks as the second-largest market share in the United States. According to Microsoft, around 1000 firms are turning to or employing Microsoft Azure for cloud computing, implying that nearly 365,000 new businesses will employ Azure specialists each year. The fact that more than half of Fortune 500 companies use Azure for cloud computing services indicates that the demand for Microsoft Azure specialists is on the rise.

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If you explore the Azure work opportunities on job portals like LinkedIn, you'll find nearly 157000+ Azure job listings in the United States, while there are 31000+ Azure job postings in India. These figures indicate significant demand for Azure professionals all over the world. 

Image showing number of jobs that require Azure skills in the US

Image showing number of jobs that require Azure skills in India

Moreover, the average pay for an Azure engineer in the United States is $107,849 per year, whereas the average annual compensation for Azure engineers in India is ₹6,10,298

Image showing average annual pay for Azure engineers in the US

Image showing average annual pay for Azure engineers in India

Are these reasons compelling enough to persuade you to seek a career in Azure?? Well, this Azure interview questions and answers blog will help you land your dream cloud computing job role! 

Top 50 Microsoft Azure Interview Questions and Answers

Before we move on to the Microsoft Azure Interview Questions, let us have a quick overview of the different job roles in the Azure cloud computing domain. There are many Azure job roles in the market that are highly in demand these days. These include Azure Developer, Azure Cloud Engineer, Azure Solution Architect, Azure Administrator, Azure Data Scientist, Azure DevOps Engineer, Azure Security Engineer, etc. So, if you're willing to grab any of these job roles in an organization, this blog covers all the different types of Azure interview questions you can expect in any Azure job interview.

To make things easier for you, we have listed the interview questionson azure  in five different categories. Let's get started with the questions!

Azure Developer Interview Questions | Azure Interview Questions and Answers for Experienced Developers

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In this section, we'll cover some of the popular Azure Developer interview questions which can be beneficial for anyone who is willing to pursue the role of an Azure Developer in an organization. 

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Azure Cloud Services is a Paas (platform-as-a-service) product that intends to provide robust, efficient, and cost-effective applications. Azure Cloud Services are hosted on virtual machines, and they let one have a higher degree of control over the VMs by allowing software installation on the VMs and also making them remotely accessible. 

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Source: Microsoft Azure docs

By launching a cloud service instance, Azure cloud services can be utilized to implement multi-tier web-based apps in Azure. Azure cloud services aid an application's scalability by making it easier and more adaptable. The two types of Azure Cloud Services roles are- 

  1. Web role (has a dedicated web server that uses IIS to automatically launch and host your app).

  2. Worker role (allows apps to run by themselves without using IIS and helps run background processes).

As the name suggests, Azure SLA (Service Level Agreement) is a service contract stating that when you deploy two or more role instances of a service on Azure, access to that cloud service is available for at least 99.9% of the time. It also indicates that if the role instance is not functioning, it will identify and resolve that role instance 99.9% of the time.

Suppose any of the points mentioned above fail to satisfy at any moment. In that case, Azure will credit the concerned user a certain percentage of their monthly payments based on the pricing model of the Azure services in question.

Based on one's business requirements, there are three different cloud deployment models in which you can deploy any Azure cloud service -

  • Private Cloud- It comprises cloud computing resources owned entirely by a single company. This could mean hosting one's apps on their on-site servers or a dedicated server offered by the cloud service provider.

  • Public Cloud- The most common cloud deployment model, the public cloud, involves a third-party cloud service provider to manage and control the cloud resources distributed via the internet. The cloud provider owns all hardware, software, and other supporting facilities in this case. Example- Microsoft Azure.

  • Hybrid Cloud- A hybrid cloud is a blend of private and public clouds. These cloud deployment models employ private cloud service features such as processing confidential data and public cloud services such as hosting commercial applications.

  • IaaS- IaaS stands for Infrastructure as a Service. It is a cloud computing service that hosts apps on the infrastructure and allows you to avail storage, networking resources, etc., on demand. Each resource is available as an individual service facility, and one has to only pay for it for as long as he needs to use it. Azure VM, VNET, etc., are some popularly known examples of IaaS.

  • PaaS- PaaS stands for Platform as a Service. It offers both- a cloud development and deployment environment, with facilities that enable users to produce simple cloud-based apps or even complex, cloud-enabled business systems. A user only pays for the resources he needs from a cloud service provider and accesses them over a secure Internet connection. Users are in charge of the applications and services they create, and the cloud service provider manages the rest.  Azure web apps, Storage services, cloud services, and other services are all examples of PaaS.

  • SaaS- SaaS stands for Software as a Service. Organizations avail SaaS applications through a service delivery mechanism. This works by charging the organization for their use or by displaying advertisements. User interaction with cloud-based programs through the Internet can occur through software as a service (SaaS). The service provider's data center hosts the underlying infrastructure, software, and app data. Applications such as Office 365, Gmail, SharePoint Online, and others are examples of SaaS. 

Azure Redis Cache is an in-memory data storage, or cache system, based on Redis that boosts the flexibility and efficiency of applications that rely significantly on backend data stores. It can handle massive numbers of application requests by storing highly trafficked data in server memory, where it can be written to and read fast. Redis open-source (OSS Redis) and Redis Enterprise (from Redis Labs) are both available as managed services through Azure Redis Cache. It offers safe and dedicated Redis server facilities and complete Redis API support. Microsoft runs this service, which can be helpful for any Azure-based or non-Azure-based application.

Microsoft Azure Redis Cache is built on the famous open source Redis Cache and can be accessible by several Redis clients written in various computer languages. Every client has its API for making Redis commands calls to the cache instance. There is no unified class reference on MSDN since each client is unique and keeps its reference data.

An availability set is a cluster of virtual machines that enables Azure to understand how an application offers redundancy and high accessibility. To provide a highly available application and achieve the 99.95 percent Azure SLA, creating two or more VMs within an availability set is safer. The two domains assigned to every VM in an availability set are- an update domain and a fault domain.

Update domains combine virtual machines and the underlying hardware that can reboot simultaneously. Before the maintenance on a different update domain, a restarted update domain takes 30 minutes to recover.

Fault domains are the set of virtual machines that share a common power source and a common network switch. Virtual machines specified in your availability set are split into up to three failure domains by default. Integrating virtual machines into an availability set helps mitigate the impact of hardware malfunctions, network outages, and power outages.

The Azure Functions is a serverless code computation service that allows you to run code without a server on demand, such as Events and External-Invoke. They are stateless and short-lived, and azure Functions may automatically scale up in response to the request. They tend to speed up the development process by avoiding the need to perform any integration coding for you to connect to other services. They also offer Azure Application Insights for monitoring and evaluating code performance, which aids in the identification of bottlenecks and failure locations throughout the application's components. You can write Functions in C#, Node, Java, Python, and other languages.

Microsoft's Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) is a cloud-based authentication and authorization service. It weaves application access management, core directory services, and identity protection into a single solution. It enables all employees in an organization to sign in and access resources in the following areas:

i) External resources such as Microsoft 365, the Azure gateway, and millions of other SaaS services.

ii) Internal resources, such as apps on your company's intranet and network and any cloud service apps built by your company.

CSPack is a command-line tool that generates package files for applications that must deploy in Azure. CSPack uses the data from the service definition and service configuration files to define the content within a package. You can upload an application package file (.cspkg) to Azure via the Azure site using CSPack. The package is named [ServiceDefinitionFileName].cspkg by default, but you can change it with the /out option of CSPack. Every cloud service project contains a cscfg file, essentially a cloud service configuration file generated by the cspack tool.

Azure Blob storage is a Microsoft storage offering that is meant explicitly for cloud objects and is suitable for holding vast quantities of unstructured data. Unstructured data, such as text or binary data, does not correspond to a specific data model or description.

Blob storage is suitable for sharing images/docs directly to a browser, storing files meant for multiple access, streaming audio/video files, backing up data, creating log files, etc. 

There are three types of resources available in blob storage:

  • A storage account- In Azure, a storage account gives your data its namespace.

  • A container in the storage account- A container manages a group of blobs, and there are no constraints on the number of blobs stored in a container.

  • A blob within the container- A blob is a Binary Large Object (BLOB), which can be any form of file or document of any size. Azure supports three different types of Blobs:

  • Block blobs: These are meant to store individual blocks of text and binary files and have a storage capacity of up to 195GB.

  • Append blobs: These are useful for append tasks like logging data in log files.

  • Page blobs: These store random access files up to 8 TiB and are intended for reading/writing operations that occur often.

Learn more about real-world big data applications with unique examples of big data projects.

Azure Solution Architect Interview Questions

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In this section, we'll cover some of the popular Azure interview questions along with their answers suitable for the role of Azure Solution Architect.

Azure Service Bus Queues belong to the Azure messaging framework and include queuing, publishing, subscribing, etc. They are part of the Service Bus and can pass messages through to other Queues and Topics. The Azure Service Bus Queues feature a built-in dead-letter queue and allow you to choose a timeline for messages so they can last as long as you want them to! They connect applications or parts of applications that cover different communication protocols, data treaties, trust domains, or security protocols.

Azure Storage Queues belong to the Azure storage framework and are easy to use. They allow easy debugging by using the local Azure Storage Emulator. The set of Azure Storage Queue tools enables you to take a quick look at the top 32 messages and visualize the contents of those belonging to XML/JSON right from Visual Studio. Another feature of storage queues that ensures smooth development and QA operations is that the contents of these queues can be emptied when needed. Authenticated HTTP or HTTPS calls allow you to access the queue messages regardless of your geographical location. Queue messages have a maximum capacity of 64 KB and can hold millions of messages depending upon the storage account's overall capacity limit.

When it comes to the storage limit associated with virtual machines, each data disk has a maximum capacity of 1 TB. The amount of data disks one can use is determined by the virtual machine's size. Azure Managed Disks is a new and highly recommended disk storage option for Azure Virtual Machines for long-term data storage. Each Virtual Machine can have many Managed Disks. Premium and Standard Managed Disks are two types of long-term storage options offered by Managed Disks. Also, storage for the OS disk and any data disks can be provided via Azure storage accounts. Each disk is a page blob that is stored in a .vhd file format.

Azure Cognitive Search is a cloud search solution that entrusts server and infrastructure maintenance to Microsoft. It provides developers with platforms, APIs, and tools for creating ready-to-use advanced search experiences in web, mobile, and corporate applications over private, diverse content. By using a simple REST API or.NET SDK, you can easily add a powerful search experience to your applications without having to manage search infrastructure or become a search specialist. For apps that depend exclusively on the search for both feature extraction and content navigation, Azure Cognitive Search is the ideal cloud provider for full-text search operations over content repositories and databases on Azure.

Azure CosmosDB is one of the PaaS features offered by Microsoft. It is a cloud-based NoSQL database that deals mainly with modern app development. CosmosDB data can be easily shared and replicated anywhere in the world, which ensures faster and more efficient app development. Capacity management, automatic scaling, and serverless databases aid in matching demand with storage capacity.

Azure Cosmos DB takes care of database administration for you, including auto-management, updates, etc., and also includes features such as single-digit millisecond response times, rapid scalability, SLA-backed availability, and enterprise-grade privacy.

The two URLs, Read and Read-Write, allow you to share your Azure Cosmos DB account with other people for a specified duration of time. Since the account access has an expiration time window of 24 hours, you can regain access by using a newly-generated access URL or the connection string.

  • Read URL- Other users can browse the databases, collections, queries, and other resources linked with that specific account, provided you share the read-only URL with them. 

  • Read-Write URL- Other users can read and alter the databases, collections, queries, and other resources linked with that specific account if you share the Read-Write URL with them.

The solution to this problem involves using VM Scale sets, which define the necessary configuration and requirements for provisioning a new VM whenever there is an escalation in the application load. Developers can use Azure VM Scale Sets to build and manage a load-balanced collection of VMs. The number of virtual machine instances can be increased or decreased automatically in response to demand or a set timeline. Scale sets enable developers to facilitate the construction of large-scale applications that support huge data, massive workloads, and compute loads. They ensure the high availability of the applications and allow developers to manage, update, and configure large VMs centrally.

Since the Traffic Manager works at the DNS level, clients are directed to the ideal service endpoint using DNS responses. This also means that clients manage to connect directly to the service endpoint, bypassing Traffic Manager, which results in the HTTP traffic between the client and the server remaining unknown to the Traffic Manager. Furthermore, the recursive DNS service owns the source IP address of the DNS query received by the Traffic Manager instead of the client. As a result, Traffic Manager is unable to track individual clients or create sticky sessions. This constraint exists in the case of all DNS-based traffic control solutions, including Traffic Manager.

Site Recovery is a service that keeps corporate apps and workloads operational during outages, assuring smooth business processes. This feature offered by Azure works in such a way that it copies activities from a primary location to a secondary location with the help of physical and virtual machines (VMs). When your primary location goes down, you switch to the secondary location, where you can access the apps. You can roll back to the principal location once it has been restored. Site Recovery ensures replication for Azure VMs, on-site VMs, Azure Stack VMs, and physical servers.

Azure Service Fabric is a parallel processing platform that ensures simple packaging, smooth deployment, and efficient handling of robust and reliable microservices and containers. Service Fabric allows you to create microservice-based applications. The major constraints in designing and administering cloud-native apps are also handled by Service Fabric. It has a huge emphasis on designing stateful services. You can run container-based stateful services written in any language or code using the Service Fabric computing architecture. Also, you can create Service Fabric clusters in the private clouds with Windows Server and Linux, as well as in other public clouds.

Azure Traffic Manager is mainly responsible for sending traffic globally on the basis of dynamic principles. This leads to an enhanced user experience that reflects how your application is distributed worldwide. Your public endpoints will also experience benefits such as high accessibility and responsiveness. For diverse application objectives and spontaneous recovery systems, Traffic Manager offers a variety of traffic-routing mechanisms and endpoint tracking solutions. 

The Azure Load Balancer handles the routing of traffic within a certain region. It is used together with Azure Traffic Manager, which directs traffic to a region between virtual machines. When the two are coupled, you get global traffic control with local backup. The Azure Load Balancer service offers a high-performance, low bandwidth Layer 4 load-balancing solution for all UDP and TCP protocols. It can ensure the smooth handling of millions of queries per second while maintaining high availability.

Azure Administrator Interview Questions

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If you are preparing for an Azure Administrator job interview, then here are some popular Azure interview questions you might find helpful.

Azure SQL Database is a fully managed PaaS database server that keeps track of most database management tasks like data upgradations, patching, data backups, etc., without the need for human intervention. Azure SQL Database always runs on the most recent stable version of the Microsoft SQL Server database system, and its built-in PaaS capabilities allow you to concentrate on the domain-specific database management and performance activities that play a major role in upscaling your business. It also enables you to develop a highly accessible and rich in performance data storage layer for Azure apps and solutions.

Azure SQL Managed Instance is an efficient, highly scalable database solution by Microsoft. It is fully compatible with the latest SQL Server (Enterprise Edition) database system and offers a native VNet implementation that resolves basic safety issues, as well as a commercial model that is appealing to existing SQL Server users. Existing SQL Server users are enabled to migrate their local workloads to the cloud with minimal changes. Simultaneously, SQL Managed Instance retains all PaaS functionalities, including automated upgrades, automated backups, and high accessibility, thereby lowering administration expenses.

The enterprise data warehousing solutions included in Azure Synapse Analytics are referred to as a dedicated SQL pool. When using Synapse SQL, a dedicated SQL pool constitutes a group of analytic tools that are deployed. Data Warehousing Units are solely responsible for determining the size of a dedicated SQL pool. Once the dedicated SQL pool is established, you can use basic PolyBase T-SQL queries to import massive amounts of data and then leverage the distributed data processor to run high-performance analyses. As data gets merged and analyzed, a dedicated SQL pool becomes the only source your company can rely on for reliable high-speed insights.

i. The Connect to Server dialogue box automatically appears when you launch SQL Server Management Studio for the first time. Alternatively, you can also go to Object Explorer > Connect > Database Engine.

ii. Then, in the Connect to Server window, input the following information-

            Server Type- Here, you need to enter the database engine

            Server Name- Enter the name of the Azure SQL Database or Azure Managed Instance you want to use.

            Authentication- Enter the SQL Server Authentication

            Login- Enter the user ID for the server account.

            Password- Enter the password for the server account.

iii. Once you've filled all the required fields, click on Connect.

If the firewall settings aren't configured, a popup occurs to do so. Provide the Azure account login credentials once you've signed in. After that, click OK.

iv. Select and browse Object Explorer for the hostname, SQL Server version, and username to see whether your Azure Database connection is successful.

Azure Backup is a cloud-based solution offered by Microsoft that allows you to backup Azure Windows VMs, Azure Managed Disks, Azure File shares, SQL Server databases, SAP HANA databases, Azure PostgreSQL databases, etc.

Some primary benefits of Azure Backup include-

  • Azure Backup is a convenient way to back up your on-premises data to the cloud. Without building extensive on-premises backup solutions, you may get short and long-term backup.

  • Azure Backup enables separate backups to protect original data from unexpected damage. Backups are retained in a Recovery Services storage with built-in recovery point management.

  • Azure Backup delivers high availability with minimal maintenance or monitoring overhead by leveraging the Azure cloud's core ability and infinite capacity.

To maintain the high availability of your data as well as storage, Azure Backup supports three methods of backup-

i. Locally redundant storage (LRS) copies your data three times in a centralized storage unit within the same region. LRS is a cost-effective option for safeguarding data against local hardware breakdowns.

ii. Geo-redundant storage (GRS) is the standard and preferred backup mode that replicates your data to a secondary region far away from the primary location of the source data. GRS is more expensive than LRS, but it provides greater data resilience, even in the event of a local disruption.

iii. Zone-redundant storage (ZRS) backs up data in availability zones, ensuring data retention and durability in the same zone. You can back up your essential activities that involve data retention and must run without disruption since ZRS has zero latency.

The following data options are provided on the Azure Storage platform:

i. Azure Blob Storage- Text and binary data can be stored in Azure Blobs, which is highly scalable object storage. It stores arbitrary data and allows them to be retrieved as block blobs on a huge scale.

ii. Azure File Storage- Managed file sharing for cloud and on-premises operations can be done with Azure Files. Using the standard Server Message Block (SMB) protocol, you can access fully managed cloud file shares from just about anywhere.

iii. Azure Queue Storage- Azure Queues is a messaging repository that allows application modules to communicate reliably. Asynchronous message queueing between software modules is supported.

iv. Azure Table Storage- Azure Tables is a NoSQL database for storing structured data without a schema. It lets you store organized NoSQL data in the cloud and provides a schemaless key/attribute storage.

v. Azure Disk Storage- Block-level storage units for Azure VMs are called Azure Disks. They allow data to be kept and retrieved from an associated virtual hard disk continuously.

When you sign up for an Azure subscription, you are automatically assigned the Classic Subscription Administrator position. You have full access to the Azure subscription and can log in with a Microsoft account or an office/a personal account from the Azure subscription's directory. This job has access to the Azure interface and can manage services there with the help of the Azure site, Azure Resource Manager APIs, etc. You can add others as co-admins if they need to sign in and access services using the same Azure subscription. Both the owner and the co-admins have the same access.

Azure AD offers a set of various different admin roles that are responsible for governing different features. These administrators will be able to use the Azure portal to access a wide range of capabilities. The admin's status dictates the functions they can perform, such as modifying users, assigning administrative duties to others, handling domains, and all other tasks that belong to Azure AD resources in a directory.

A network security group is a group of security rules (Access Control List of rules) that allow or prohibit incoming and outgoing network traffic for various Azure resources.  Subnets or specific NICs connected to a subnet can be linked with NSGs in such a way that the rules apply to every single VM in that particular subnet. You can define the sender and receiver address, as well as the host and protocol, for each rule.

The application partitions are directory partitions that are copied to domain controllers and belong to the Azure Active Directory system. These domain controllers that are involved in the partitioning procedure keep a copy of the partition. Application partitions have the advantage of being able to be cloned to any individual domain controller, potentially leading to traffic reduction. Although domain directory partitions can transport their entire data to all the domains, application partitions in the domain area can only target one. This minimizes the need for application partitions and thereby increases their availability.

Azure Resource Manager (ARM) templates are JSON files mainly used to implement infrastructure as code for your Azure solutions. The template outlines your project's infrastructure and configuration. A declarative syntax is used in the template, which allows you to declare what you want to deliver without the use of any actual programming/coding. The template must include the resources to launch as well as their attributes.

Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) aims at the easy installation of a hosted Kubernetes cluster on Azure. It is solely responsible for managing containerized applications. It's an open-source solution for scaling, automatic deployment, and managing traffic. Azure deals with important functions like health diagnosis and management as a managed Kubernetes service. You solely manage and maintain the agent nodes because the Kubernetes masters are controlled by Azure. As a result, AKS is completely free; you only have to pay for the agent nodes in your clusters.

The owner role must be assigned to an administrator before it may be added to the Azure portal. It will only be able to control the subscription's resources that have been assigned to it. These are the steps to add an administrator:

i. Firstly, to use the Azure portal, go to https://azure.microsoft.com/en-in/features/azure-portal/ and sign in.

ii. Then, select the Hub menu followed by Subscription, and select the subscription that the administrator will need access to.

iii. In the subscription blade, select Access control (IAM) and then click Add.

iv. Select Owner from the drop-down menu under Select a role.

v. In this field, enter the email address of the user who will be designated as the owner.

vi. Select the user by clicking on his or her name.

Huge quantities of structured data are stored in the Windows Azure Table storage service.

It is a NoSQL service that takes calls from both inside and outside the Windows Azure cloud.

Table: A table is a grouping of objects. Tables do not impose a format on entities; therefore, a single table can contain entities with various sets of characteristics. Many tables can be found in a single account.

Entity: Similar to a database entry, an entity is a collection of attributes. A single entity can be 1MB in size.

Properties: A name-value pair is referred to as a property. Each object can have up to 252 properties. In addition, each entity has three system properties: a partition key, a row key, and a timestamp.

Azure Cloud Engineer Interview Questions

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Below are some of the popular Azure cloud engineer interview questions, along with their suitable answers.

Azure Profilers are used to trace and assess the performance of applications that are under production in Azure. This is usually done to ensure that the application is stable and capable of handling high traffic. Profiler automatically collects data at scale without causing any inconvenience to your consumers. In order to address a certain web request, Profiler can assist you in finding the "hot" code route that takes up the longest time duration.

A content delivery network (CDN) is a decentralized network of servers that delivers web information to users quickly and effectively. In order to reduce latency, CDNs keep buffer data on edge nodes in point-of-presence (POP) locations close to target users. Whether you are building or maintaining websites or mobile apps, encrypting and delivering streaming services, system updates, etc., the Azure Content Delivery Network (CDN) can help you minimize the page load time, reduce bandwidth, and improve responsiveness.

Azure HDInsight is a Hadoop feature distribution on the cloud. It is responsible for faster and cost-effective processing of vast amounts of data in a configurable framework. You can deploy Hadoop, Spark, Hive, LLAP, Kafka, Storm, R, and other popular open-source frameworks. You can use these frameworks to allow situations that deal with extract, transform, and load (ETL), data warehousing, machine learning, and the Internet of Things (IoT).

Azure File Sync is a Microsoft service that enables you to centralize your organization's file shares in Azure Files in a way that does not hamper the flexibility, scalability, and consistency of a local file server. Your Windows Server machines become a rapid cache of your Azure file sharing, and to access your data locally, you can use any method supported by Windows Server, including SMB, Network File System (NFS), and File Transfer Protocol Service (FTPS). 

The answer is the Azure Information Protection service.

When the Azure Information Protection client is installed, it interacts with the operations of end-users. Users and admins can access a file tracking website once a file has been protected. This gives them insight into who accesses the files and when these materials are accessed. Users have the opportunity to withdraw access to the file(s) in question if they detect any type of violation.

The Azure Virtual Network (VNet) is the most basic component of your Azure private network. With the help of VNet, many types of Azure resources, such as Azure Virtual Machines (VM), can connect anonymously with one other, the internet, and even local networks. VNet works just like any standard network in a locally-owned data center, but in addition to a standard network's features, it offers Azure's operational features like scalability, availability, and exclusion. Interaction of Azure resources with the internet, connection with Azure resources, communication with local resources, screening and directing network traffic, and connection with Azure services are all scenarios that can be executed with a virtual network.

  • Windows Azure Compute: It provides a code that the hosting environment can control. A key benefit of using Azure Compute is that it is able to calculate through sections. Web Role, Worker Role, and VM Role are the three sorts of roles available.

  • Windows Azure Storage (VHD): Queue, Tables, Blobs, and Windows Azure Drives are the four types of storage services provided by Windows Azure Storage (VHD)

  • Windows Azure AppFabric: Service bus, Access, Caching, Integration, and Composite are the five services provided by Windows Azure AppFabric.

Autoscale is an inbuilt feature of Cloud Services, Virtual Machine Scale Sets, and Websites that enables applications to expand to adapt to changing demand. Scaling out refers to increasing the number of instances in a system. Scaling up in Windows Azure is also possible by using larger role instances rather than additional role instances. You may balance the performance of your Windows Azure application against its operational costs by adding and removing role instances while it is running. The amount of manual work necessary in dynamically scaling an application is reduced with an autoscaling solution.

First, you need to select the total number of authentication techniques for a password reset, and the number of authentication techniques users can access once you've enabled password reset for all. Ideally, you should keep multiple authentication options even though there's a need for just one. You can either send an email notification to the user's registered email address, a text or security code to the user's phone, or a series of security questions. Security questions can be customized to mandate a specified number of questions to be submitted for users in your Active Directory tenant (3-5). In addition, you must specify the number of correctly answered security questions that must be answered in order for an effective password reset.

Scenario-Based Azure Interview Questions

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In any job interview, scenario-based questions are one of the most challenging and crucial segments. Here are some of the scenario-based azure interview questions, along with their answers.

Azure Functions may run code without the need for a server. These services make complicated operations and issues easier to manage. They let clients access other services without having to manually code integrations, which accelerates development.  Azure Application Insights can assist with code performance analysis and monitoring, as well as identifying inefficiencies and problem areas across multiple application modules.

Suppose you have learned all the basics of Spark. What’s next? Start exploring ProjectPro’s repository, where you will find different Spark Projects for Practice.

There are different ways to deal with this:

i. In case of fewer resources to be connected, a local database can be connected to such an application using the Azure VNET-based point-to-site service.

ii. Site-to-site or express routes are the solutions if more resources need to be connected. Due to the VPN's reliance on public infrastructures, such as the internet, response time may get delayed from site to site. Alternatively, express routes can be used in this scenario because they have a dedicated leased line that overcomes lag constraints.

iii. In case none of the above options are suitable, a Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) service can be built and hosted locally. The CRUD operations in the service would remain specific to the local database.

Certain features offered by Azure Cosmos DB, such as Change Feed Processor and Bulk Executor Library, can be used to perform a live data transfer between containers. This enables data redistribution to meet the intended new partition key strategy, as well as subsequent application updates. As a result, you'll be able to update your partition key.

Business-to-Consumer (B2C) functionalities offered by the Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) can be linked into applications. Azure AD B2C uses OpenID Connect, which is supported by a wide network of services, including Twitter, Google, and several others. Azure AD B2C safeguards your applications from denial-of-service and password threats and features user interface customizations that make it simple to deploy into your existing applications.

Azure Machine Learning is a data analytics service offered by Microsoft that provides end-to-end solutions for data science problems. It is a data science method that enables computers to predict future actions, results, and trends on the basis of given data. Computers that implement the machine learning technology can operate without any specific hard-core programming. Azure Machine Learning offers many open-source features that allow users to design, implement, and manage predictive models across a variety of environments.

When resources were produced under the old deployment model, there was no provision for resource group management, resulting in the management of higher numbers of resources and the difficulty of executing easy resource management in a unified manner. The latest Azure Resource Manager deployment approach, on the other hand, allows you to move resources like virtual machines between resources, even VMs produced using the classic deployment style. To migrate standard VMs to resource groups, you can try using the Azure portal, Azure PowerShell, or the Azure CLI.

You should consider using Container Modularity, avoiding Application Data, avoiding any extra modules, and adopting an Appropriate Base. Multi-stage builds are a recently updated feature that requires at least Docker 17.05 on both the daemon and the client. Those who are willing to improve Dockerfiles while making them comprehensible and manageable would benefit from multi-stage builds.

There are two tools- Azure Monitor and Azure Advisor should be used.

  • You should utilize Azure Monitor for time-critical alerts and notifications because it has the fastest monitoring processor. For a more detailed review, these statistics can be forwarded to Azure Log Analytics.

  • Azure Advisor examines your resource configuration and performance statistics and provides solutions that enable you to optimize the cost-effectiveness, efficiency, accessibility, and integrity of your Azure services after the data is available. Moreover, the Advisor cost recommendations page can help you streamline and lower your entire Azure expense.

Azure Data Factory Interview Questions

Azure Data Factory (ADF) is an Azure platform-as-a-service (PaaS) for integrating data from multiple sources in the cloud. Below are some of the popular Azure Data Factory interview questions for you-

Integration runtime is a computational infrastructure that Azure Data Factory uses to deliver integration features, such as Data Flows and Data Movement, across various network settings. It can employ resources from public networks or hybrid settings (public and private networks).

There are three different types of integration runtimes-

i. Azure Integration Runtime- It is responsible for patching, scaling, and maintaining the underlying infrastructure.

ii. Self-Hosted Integration Runtime-  It is similar to Azure Integration Runtime in terms of code, but it's installed on-premises systems or virtual machines across virtual networks.

iii. Azure SSIS Integration Runtime- It allows users to run SSIS packages in a controlled environment. You can use Azure SSIS Integration Runtime to lift and shift SSIS packages to the data factory.

i. Role-based Access Control- It covers built-in Azure roles such as reader, contributor, owner, or customer roles. It specifies who can run the service and also gives users access to built-in data explorer tools.

ii. Access Control List - Azure Data Lake Storage determines which data objects users can read, write, or execute.

i. Mapping data flow- This is a visually oriented data transformation task that allows users to create graphical data transformation logic without the need for any expert/professional.

ii. Wrangling data flow- This is a Power Query Online-integrated data preparation process that doesn't require any coding.

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Azure Power BI Interview Questions

The integration of Azure Analytics and Power BI provides scalable insights, helping you to build the data-driven mindset you need to succeed in today's fast-paced, competitive world. Business analysts, IT experts, and data scientists can all work together seamlessly using Azure Power BI, resulting in a uniform version of events that delivers insights throughout their organization.

Check out these Azure interview questions on Azure Power BI-

Power BI Embedded is a platform-as-a-service (PaaS) analytics solution that allows developers and ISVs (Individual Software Vendors) to seamlessly integrate their dashboards, Visuals, and insights into an application for their clients. One of the best features of Power BI Embedded is that customers require no prior knowledge about Power BI.

There are two types of analytics solutions in Power BI-embedded:

i. Embed for your customers- You can use this solution to create a Power BI app with non-interactive authentication. Independent software providers (ISVs) who develop applications for third parties are most likely to choose this approach.

ii. Embed for your organization- You can use this solution to create an app that requires you to login in with your Power BI credentials. Users can only access embedded content on the Power BI service once they have signed in. This solution is intended for large enterprises that are developing an internal app.

There are different authentication flows for the embed for your customers and embed for your organization embedding solutions.

i. The authentication flow for the embed for your customers solution is non-interactive. To access Power BI, users do not need to sign in to Azure AD. Instead, your web app authenticates against Azure AD and generates the embed token using a reserved Azure AD identity. A service principal or a master user can be used as the reserved identity.

ii. An interactive authentication flow is used in the Embed for your organization solution. Users of the web app log in to Azure AD using their Power BI credentials. They must accept the API permissions that were assigned to the app when it was registered with Azure AD.

Microsoft SQL Azure Interview Questions

Azure SQL services are efficient and reliable, making it easier to deploy SQL workloads to Azure Virtual Machines. Azure SQL provides a uniform, consistent experience across your entire SQL portfolio and a wide range of deployment solutions from the edge to the cloud.

Take a look at these Microsoft SQL Azure interview questions- 

SQL Azure Firewall is a cloud-based service that enables you to determine IP addresses and filter traffic to a VNet. It is designed for high availability and unlimited cloud scalability, as well as protecting inbound and outbound traffic to the VNet.

SQL Azure firewall is a Microsoft Azure Platform cloud computing database service that allows you to host and access SQL databases.

To deal with hardware failures, SQL Azure stores three copies of a database. You can use the COPY command to generate a copy of a SQL Azure database to deal with user-level problems. You can also use BCP, SSIS, and other tools to backup SQL Azure data to a local SQL server, but point-in-time recovery is currently unavailable.

The execution plan and statistics of a query can be used to tune a SQL Azure database. To monitor and manage SQL Azure databases, you can use SQL Azure's Dynamic Management views. Network latency and bandwidth also have an impact on SQL Azure performance. In this case, the best performance comes from code that is close to the application topology.

Azure Interview Questions on Service Bus

Azure Service Bus is a cloud-based messaging service that connects any cloud-based apps, devices, and services to other apps and services.

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We have a few Azure Service Bus interview questions for you to explore-

Azure Service Bus Queues are storage locations for messages. When you have numerous apps or pieces of a distributed application that need to communicate with each other, service bus queues prove to be very helpful. Multiple messages are received and subsequently sent from the queue, which is similar to a distribution center.

Using the Azure portal or PowerShell instructions, you can migrate a namespace from one Azure subscription to another. The namespace must already be active in order to perform the operation. On both the source and destination subscriptions, the user running the commands must be an administrator.

For its backend storage layer, the Azure Service Bus standard tier uses Azure SQL Database. The premium tier of Azure Service Bus saves metadata and data in the locations you choose. When you configure geo-disaster recovery for an Azure Service Bus premium namespace, the metadata is copied to the secondary region you choose.

Azure Migration Interview Questions

Azure Migrate is a migration solution that assists businesses in determining the benefits of shifting their on-premises infrastructure, data, and apps to the public cloud.

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Here are a few useful interview questions and answers on Azure Migration- 

Agentless migration and agent-based migration are two solutions for migrating your source servers and virtual machines to Azure using the Azure Migrate: Server Migration tool.

i. Agentless migrations- These migrations do not involve the installation of any software (agents) on the source VMs/servers. The agentless option enables replication by integrating with the virtualization provider.

ii. Agent-based migrations- These migrations involve the installation of Azure Migrate software (agents) on the source VMs/machines to be migrated. The replication ability of the agent-based solution is not dependent on the virtualization platform.

Yes, an Azure Migrate project can migrate to multiple subscriptions (same Azure tenant) in the same destination region. When allowing replication for a machine or a group of machines, you can choose the target subscription. For agentless VMware migrations, the target region is locked after the first replication, and for agent-based and agentless Hyper-V migrations, the target region is locked during the replication appliance and Hyper-V provider installation, respectively.

The churn pattern is more relevant than the churn rate since agentless replication takes in data. When a file is written multiple times, the rate has little effect. In the next cycle, however, a pattern in which any other sector is written produces a lot of churns. You can let the data fold as much as necessary before scheduling the next cycle if you want to transfer the least volume of data possible.

Azure Networking Interview Questions

Azure Networking is a web-based communication technology for connecting various resources. Microsoft Azure offers various services and tools to help you build a powerful and flexible network.

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Check out these important Azure interview questions on Azure Networking-

Azure Route Server allows you to share routing data easily via the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) routing protocol between any NVA that supports BGP and the Azure Software Defined Network (SDN) on the Azure Virtual Network (VNET) without manually setting or maintaining route tables. Azure Route Server is a completely managed service with high availability. Dynamic routing between the network virtual appliance (NVA) and virtual network is easier with Azure Route Server.

A router oversees all routing between gateways using the Border Gateway Protocol and hence provides routing capabilities to a virtual hub. Virtual hubs include several gateways, such as a Site-to-Site VPN gateway, an ExpressRoute gateway, a point-to-site gateway, and an Azure Firewall. This router can also enable transit connections between virtual networks connected to a virtual hub, with an average speed of up to 50 Gbps. These routing options are accessible to customers with Standard Virtual WAN.

A network security group (NSG) is a collection of access control lists (ACLs) that allow or deny network traffic to subnets, network interface cards (NICs), or both. NSGs can be associated with subnets or individual NICs belonging to a subnet. When an NSG is attached to a subnet, the ACL rules apply to all VMs on that subnet. Furthermore, traffic to a NIC can be managed by directly connecting an NSG to it.

Wipro Azure Interview Questions | Azure Interview Questions for 5 Years Experience

Here are a few Azure interview questions from various cloud computing job interviews in Wipro-

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  1. Create a Storage Account and a private container in which you will upload a blob file.

  2. Once you upload the blob file, select Generate SAS from the context menu.

Copy the blob SAS Token and save it for future use.

  1. Make an Azure Databricks account. Now, click on Create and pick the subscription (if you have any) and the resource group name (if you have any). Select the location where you want to build these data bricks and then the pricing tier.

  2. Click Review + Create, then wait for the validation to complete.

Once your validation is done, click Create.

  1. Once your deployment is complete, click the Go to resource option.

  2. Click on Launch Workspace, and it will redirect you to the Azure Databricks page.

  3. Now, in the left pane, select Clusters and then Create Cluster, giving the cluster a name and selecting Standard as the Cluster-Mode.

  4. Now you must start your cluster and ensure that it is operational.

In the left pane, right-click on workspace -> create -> notebook.

  1. Now assign a name for the notebook, choose Scala as the default language, and choose the previous cluster you built before clicking on Create.

  2. To connect your storage account, place the following code into the notebook.

val containerName = ""

val storageAccountName = ""

val sas = ""

val config = "fs.azure.sas." + containerName+ "." + storageAccountName + ".blob.core.windows.net"

dbutils.fs.mount(

  source = "wasbs://"+containerName+"@"+storageAccountName+".blob.core.windows.net/employe_data.csv",

  extraConfigs = Map(config -> sas))

val mydf = spark.read.option("header","true").option("inferSchema", "true").csv("/mnt/myfile")

display(mydf)

  1. You've successfully connected your Azure DataBricks to your storage account if you can retrieve the relevant data.

71. State the primary difference between the repository and the powerhouse server.

The key difference is that repository servers manage the accuracy, consistency, and uniformity of the database repository, whereas the powerhouse server manages the integration of multiple elements of the database repository.

72. What do you mean by role instance in Windows Azure?

A role instance is a virtual instance that runs the application code as well as the role configuration. Multiple instances of a role can be specified in the service configuration file.

HCL Azure Interview Questions

Here are a few Azure interview questions from various cloud computing job interviews in HCL-

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73. What does the cmdlet command do in Windows Azure?

You can use the cmdlet command in the Microsoft PowerShell environment. Windows PowerShell uses this cmdlet to automate command-line scripts.

74. What do you understand by HDInsight in Windows Azure?

Azure HDInsight is a customizable, enterprise-grade solution for open-source analytics that allows you to run popular open-source frameworks like Apache Hadoop, Spark, Hive, Kafka, and more. You can also process large volumes of data quickly and easily while making use of the vast open-source project ecosystem and Azure's global scale. HDInsight enables you to move your large data workloads and processing to the cloud with ease.

75. Briefly define enterprise warehousing in Windows Azure.

Enterprise warehousing is a feature in which an organization creates data and accesses it from a single location around the world. With the use of periodic handling, warehousing allows serving to be associated to a single point.

Accenture Azure Interview Questions

Here are a few Azure interview questions from various cloud computing job interviews in Accenture-

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76. Define Cspack and Csrun in Microsoft Azure.

Cspack is a command-line tool that creates a service package file and aids in preparing an application for deployment to compute emulator or on Microsoft Azure.

Csrun is a command-line tool for deploying and managing bundled applications on the Windows Azure compute emulator.

77. How do you define Windows Azure Diagnostics?

The Azure Diagnostics VM extension allows you to collect tracking data from your Windows VM, such as performance counters and event logs. You can specify what data you want to gather and where do you want to send it, such as an Azure Storage account or an Azure Event Hub. You can also leverage this information to create charts and metric alerts in the Windows Azure platform.

78. How do you handle session states in Windows Azure?

There are three ways of managing session states in Windows Azure.

i. In-Proc, which saves session state in the memory of each web server.

ii. State Server, which maintains the state of a session in another process( ASP.NET state service).

iii. SQL Server, that keeps session state in a database.

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Kickstart Your Career with the Azure Interview Questions

All set to rock your next Azure job interview? Oh, wait! There is one final step in your interview preparation process. Explore some real-world Azure projects to strengthen your portfolio. ProjectPro offers some excellent Microsoft Azure projects on real-world business challenges. Practice these projects and land your dream Azure job in no time!

Prepare for Your Next Big Data Job Interview with Kafka Interview Questions and Answers

FAQs on Microsoft Azure Interview Questions and Answers

Many open-source Azure projects, as well as project ideas, are available on various sites, including Kaggle, GitHub, ProjectPro, and so on. You can go to any of these websites and choose a project or project idea that best suits your needs.

Microsoft Azure is better than Amazon Web Services in various ways, including lower latency, enhanced security, cost efficiency, increased hybrid flexibility, continuous innovation, and a worldwide reach. Users can select the language they wish to use and the framework in which they want to deploy their work in Azure.

Anything that includes offering hosted services via the internet is referred to as cloud computing. Infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and software as a service (SaaS) are the three basic forms of cloud computing services.

Azure Cloud Services is a platform-as-a-service (PaaS) technology that aims to provide scalable, stable, and cost-effective apps. Azure Cloud Services, like App Service, is hosted on virtual machines (VMs).

The various models available for cloud deployment are public, private, hybrid, and community clouds. There are other distributed clouds that aren't as common, such as multi-clouds, poly clouds, and other models.

A virtual instance that runs both the application code and the role configuration is known as a role instance in Azure.

There are two types of Azure Cloud Services roles.

  1. Web role: Uses IIS to automatically deploy and host your program.

  2. Worker role: This role does not require IIS and instead runs your app on its own.

8. Why is Azure Diagnostics API needed?

The Azure Diagnostics API is needed as it allows you to collect diagnostic data from Azure-based apps such as performance monitoring, system event logs, and so on. The diagnostics information can be applied to create visual chart representations for enhanced monitoring and performance metric reports.

 

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